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Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen
Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen (née Nielsen;〔In Germany, she is commonly known as "Margarete Mitscherlich".〕 17 July 1917 – 12 June 2012) was a German psychoanalyst. In Germany she was often referred to as the "Grande Dame of German psychoanalysis".〔If not noted otherwise, all biographical information is taken from: 〕 Much of her work centers around themes of feminism, female sexuality, and the national psychology of post-war Germany.
== Life ==
Margarete Nielsen was born into a Protestant family in Gråsten. She was the youngest daughter of Danish country doctor Nis Peter Nielsen and his wife Margarete (née Leopold), who was a German school headmaster. She grew up in Denmark and Germany, passing the abitur in 1937 at a private school in Flensburg. After studying literature she turned to become a doctor as her father, studying medicine at the universities of Munich and Heidelberg. She passed the first state exam in 1944 and received a doctorate from the University of Tübingen in 1950.
Her professional work as a psychoanalyst began at an anthroposophical clinic in the Swiss canton of Ticino. She met her future husband Alexander Mitscherlich there who introduced her to the works of Sigmund Freud. They married in 1955. In the 1950s, she completed her psychoanalytic training at the London institute led by Anna Freud, Melanie Klein and Michael Balint. Along with Alexander Mitscherlich, she returned to Germany, taking up work at a psychosomatic clinic her husband directed at Heidelberg, before moving to Frankfurt. In 1960, the couple became co-founders of the Sigmund-Freud-Institut dedicated to psychoanalytic research.
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